It often happens that what was originally a way of life for early humans has, over the years, become an adventure sport. This is the case with practices like fishing or climbing, which were initially means of survival but are now hobbies.
In ancient times, climbing was a way to obtain food, but now there are even competitions. It was in the 1970s that specialists in this sport emerged, calling it sport climbing or free climbing. Nature serves as the main stage where the rock face becomes the climber's ally, guiding and showing the way.
According to historical records, Mont Aiguille was first ascended in 1492 by Antoine de Ville, and approximately 300 years later, the first ascent of Mont Blanc was recorded. However, it wasn't until the first half of the 20th century that it began to be practised as a sport, when interest grew among athletes familiar with mountains.
Rock climbing as a sport began to gain much more prominence, mainly because mountaineers became increasingly interested in scaling mountains via ever more challenging routes. Later, the idea emerged: why not do it on artificial walls? These allowed climbers to practise and refine their techniques. Climbing gyms were born – obviously very different from modern ones – but they helped develop the sport.
Over time, not only did sport climbing evolve, but artificial climbing also emerged, gaining significant relevance by the mid-20th century. Free climbing took a backseat until decades later when the expansion bolt appeared. In the 1960s, the invention of climbing harnesses improved safety, gradually eliminating the fear of falling.
Years later, as various climbing techniques spread, a new concept emerged: free climbing. In this style, no pitons or tools that could damage the rock or natural environment are used – the body becomes the only instrument for the activity.
However, it wasn't as successful as anticipated until the expansion bolt was invented, allowing secure placement in the rock (featuring an expander where the metal core inserts into the hole).
What was initially linked to mountaineering later became considered a high-performance sport by the late 1980s. Let's not forget it can be seen as an activity of personal growth, where the brain is the strongest muscle: first think, then place hands or feet. With practice and time, improving your level will come naturally.
