Since then, MTB riding has constantly evolved technically, reinventing itself over the years to give rise to numerous disciplines. In 40 years, MTB has earned its place in the Olympics and won the hearts of many two-wheel enthusiasts.
Today, you can do just about anything—and everything—with an MTB.
The sport now includes many disciplines, which we’ll attempt to describe in a non-exhaustive list.
First, here are some examples of MTB disciplines among those that require a certain competitive drive:
Cross Country (XC)
This is an endurance discipline that has secured its place in the Olympics. It involves racing around a circuit with varied terrain. Cross-country riders must master pace changes, diverse handling techniques, and physical stamina.
Downhill (DH)
Mountain descent on a specially designed MTB trail, completed in the shortest time possible. It requires specially adapted equipment, as the descent includes numerous obstacles: bumps, tight turns, etc. Downhill riders must demonstrate skill and speed.
Four Cross (4X)
A highly spectacular discipline, it involves racing down fast descents among 4 riders on an artificial track littered with obstacles. Four Cross runs in multiple elimination rounds: competition and technique reign supreme.
Other disciplines, meanwhile, focus more on style and tricks... Here are a few:
Dirt
Dirt involves performing tricks scored by a jury. This MTB discipline is heavily inspired by BMX and takes place on dirt or sand jumps.
Freeride
Freeride is considered more of a leisure activity than a competition. It centres on the rider’s style as they descend with their own line, tricks, and personal flair.
Slopestyle
Slopestyle is a recent practice, somewhat blending dirt and freeride. It’s a competition based on participants’ style.
Trial
Trial riders tackle various natural or artificial obstacles using only their tyres—no other support. This discipline tests agility, balance, and creativity. It can also be practised competitively.
Street/Urban
As the name suggests, street riding takes place in cities, using urban furniture as a playground. Jumps and tricks are key! The goal is to make the most of the surrounding environment.
Enduro, All Mountain
This is the foundational MTB practice. It takes place in mountains with climbs and descents. In enduro—the competitive version of "all mountain"—riders aren’t directly pitted against each other but instead race against the clock.
The most widespread technique, however, remains trail riding, which involves exploring nature without performance goals. MTB trail rides can be done independently or through organised MTB rides led by professionals.
Each category has its own techniques, adapted equipment, and enthusiasts. Which one’s yours? Feel free to ask questions or share your thoughts on our MTB forum!
